Jersey-2.x-User-Guide

1.5. Creating a Web Application that can be deployed on Heroku 创建能部署在Heroku上面的Web项目

与 1.4 节类似的，创建一个Web项目打包成 WAR 部署在 Servlet 容器或者发布到Heroku。执行下面命令

mvn archetype:generate -DarchetypeArtifactId=jersey-heroku-webapp \
                -DarchetypeGroupId=org.glassfish.jersey.archetypes -DinteractiveMode=false \
                -DgroupId=com.example -DartifactId=simple-heroku-webapp -Dpackage=com.example \
                -DarchetypeVersion=2.16

在你的项目里面随意调整pom.xml内的groupId，包号和版本号就可以成为一个新的项目。

此时，simple-heroku-webapp已经创建，符合Maven的项目结构：

标准的管理配置文件：pom.xml
原文件路径：src/main/java
资源文件路径：src/main/resources
web应用文件：src/main/webapp
原文件测试（基于JerseyTest）：src/test/java
Heroku系统属性 (OpenJDK版本) ：system.properties
Heroku 应用的进程类型列表： Procfile

该项目包含一个JAX-RS资源类 MyResouce，和一个资源的方法会返回的简单文本。确保资源的正确测试，MyResourceTest 是一个端到端的测试案例（测试是基于JerseyTest,详见 Chapter 24, Jersey Test Framework）。类似simple-service-webapp项目，在 src/main/webapp/WEB-INF 下，它包含了标准的JavaEE Web 应用的 web.xml 部署描述符，目标是部署在一个 Servlet 容器（本例将运行在 Heroku 的 Jetty 容器）。

项目打包成WAR,执行:

mvn clean package

打包成功，如下：

Results :

Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0

[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-war-plugin:2.2:war (default-war) @ simple-heroku-webapp ---
[INFO] Packaging webapp
[INFO] Assembling webapp [simple-heroku-webapp] in [D:\workspaceGithub\Jersey-2.
x-User-Guide-Demos\demo-1.5\simple-heroku-webapp\target\simple-heroku-webapp]
[INFO] Processing war project
[INFO] Copying webapp resources [D:\workspaceGithub\Jersey-2.x-User-Guide-Demos\
demo-1.5\simple-heroku-webapp\src\main\webapp]
[INFO] Webapp assembled in [103 msecs]
[INFO] Building war: D:\workspaceGithub\Jersey-2.x-User-Guide-Demos\demo-1.5\sim
ple-heroku-webapp\target\simple-heroku-webapp.war
[INFO] WEB-INF\web.xml already added, skipping
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-dependency-plugin:2.8:copy-dependencies (copy-dependencies) @ s
imple-heroku-webapp ---
[INFO] Copying jersey-container-servlet-core-2.12.jar to D:\workspaceGithub\Jers
ey-2.x-User-Guide-Demos\demo-1.5\simple-heroku-webapp\target\dependency\jersey-c
ontainer-servlet-core-2.12.jar
[INFO] Copying hk2-api-2.3.0-b10.jar to D:\workspaceGithub\Jersey-2.x-User-Guide
-Demos\demo-1.5\simple-heroku-webapp\target\dependency\hk2-api-2.3.0-b10.jar
[INFO] Copying javassist-3.18.1-GA.jar to D:\workspaceGithub\Jersey-2.x-User-Gui
de-Demos\demo-1.5\simple-heroku-webapp\target\dependency\javassist-3.18.1-GA.jar

[INFO] Copying jetty-security-9.0.6.v20130930.jar to D:\workspaceGithub\Jersey-2
.x-User-Guide-Demos\demo-1.5\simple-heroku-webapp\target\dependency\jetty-securi
ty-9.0.6.v20130930.jar
[INFO] Copying validation-api-1.1.0.Final.jar to D:\workspaceGithub\Jersey-2.x-U
ser-Guide-Demos\demo-1.5\simple-heroku-webapp\target\dependency\validation-api-1
.1.0.Final.jar
[INFO] Copying jetty-webapp-9.0.6.v20130930.jar to D:\workspaceGithub\Jersey-2.x
-User-Guide-Demos\demo-1.5\simple-heroku-webapp\target\dependency\jetty-webapp-9
.0.6.v20130930.jar
[INFO] Copying jersey-client-2.12.jar to D:\workspaceGithub\Jersey-2.x-User-Guid
e-Demos\demo-1.5\simple-heroku-webapp\target\dependency\jersey-client-2.12.jar
[INFO] Copying osgi-resource-locator-1.0.1.jar to D:\workspaceGithub\Jersey-2.x-
User-Guide-Demos\demo-1.5\simple-heroku-webapp\target\dependency\osgi-resource-l
ocator-1.0.1.jar
[INFO] Copying jersey-common-2.12.jar to D:\workspaceGithub\Jersey-2.x-User-Guid
e-Demos\demo-1.5\simple-heroku-webapp\target\dependency\jersey-common-2.12.jar
[INFO] Copying jersey-server-2.12.jar to D:\workspaceGithub\Jersey-2.x-User-Guid
e-Demos\demo-1.5\simple-heroku-webapp\target\dependency\jersey-server-2.12.jar
[INFO] Copying jetty-io-9.0.6.v20130930.jar to D:\workspaceGithub\Jersey-2.x-Use
r-Guide-Demos\demo-1.5\simple-heroku-webapp\target\dependency\jetty-io-9.0.6.v20
130930.jar
[INFO] Copying jetty-server-9.0.6.v20130930.jar to D:\workspaceGithub\Jersey-2.x
-User-Guide-Demos\demo-1.5\simple-heroku-webapp\target\dependency\jetty-server-9
.0.6.v20130930.jar
[INFO] Copying hk2-locator-2.3.0-b10.jar to D:\workspaceGithub\Jersey-2.x-User-G
uide-Demos\demo-1.5\simple-heroku-webapp\target\dependency\hk2-locator-2.3.0-b10
.jar
[INFO] Copying jetty-util-9.0.6.v20130930.jar to D:\workspaceGithub\Jersey-2.x-U
ser-Guide-Demos\demo-1.5\simple-heroku-webapp\target\dependency\jetty-util-9.0.6
.v20130930.jar
[INFO] Copying jetty-http-9.0.6.v20130930.jar to D:\workspaceGithub\Jersey-2.x-U
ser-Guide-Demos\demo-1.5\simple-heroku-webapp\target\dependency\jetty-http-9.0.6
.v20130930.jar
[INFO] Copying jersey-container-servlet-2.12.jar to D:\workspaceGithub\Jersey-2.
x-User-Guide-Demos\demo-1.5\simple-heroku-webapp\target\dependency\jersey-contai
ner-servlet-2.12.jar
[INFO] Copying hk2-utils-2.3.0-b10.jar to D:\workspaceGithub\Jersey-2.x-User-Gui
de-Demos\demo-1.5\simple-heroku-webapp\target\dependency\hk2-utils-2.3.0-b10.jar

[INFO] Copying jetty-xml-9.0.6.v20130930.jar to D:\workspaceGithub\Jersey-2.x-Us
er-Guide-Demos\demo-1.5\simple-heroku-webapp\target\dependency\jetty-xml-9.0.6.v
20130930.jar
[INFO] Copying javax.inject-2.3.0-b10.jar to D:\workspaceGithub\Jersey-2.x-User-
Guide-Demos\demo-1.5\simple-heroku-webapp\target\dependency\javax.inject-2.3.0-b
10.jar
[INFO] Copying jersey-guava-2.12.jar to D:\workspaceGithub\Jersey-2.x-User-Guide
-Demos\demo-1.5\simple-heroku-webapp\target\dependency\jersey-guava-2.12.jar
[INFO] Copying aopalliance-repackaged-2.3.0-b10.jar to D:\workspaceGithub\Jersey
-2.x-User-Guide-Demos\demo-1.5\simple-heroku-webapp\target\dependency\aopallianc
e-repackaged-2.3.0-b10.jar
[INFO] Copying jetty-servlet-9.0.6.v20130930.jar to D:\workspaceGithub\Jersey-2.
x-User-Guide-Demos\demo-1.5\simple-heroku-webapp\target\dependency\jetty-servlet
-9.0.6.v20130930.jar
[INFO] Copying javax.annotation-api-1.2.jar to D:\workspaceGithub\Jersey-2.x-Use
r-Guide-Demos\demo-1.5\simple-heroku-webapp\target\dependency\javax.annotation-a
pi-1.2.jar
[INFO] Copying javax.servlet-3.0.0.v201112011016.jar to D:\workspaceGithub\Jerse
y-2.x-User-Guide-Demos\demo-1.5\simple-heroku-webapp\target\dependency\javax.ser
vlet-3.0.0.v201112011016.jar
[INFO] Copying javax.ws.rs-api-2.0.1.jar to D:\workspaceGithub\Jersey-2.x-User-G
uide-Demos\demo-1.5\simple-heroku-webapp\target\dependency\javax.ws.rs-api-2.0.1
.jar
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 03:17 min
[INFO] Finished at: 2014-08-30T10:17:48+08:00
[INFO] Final Memory: 17M/42M
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------

接下来你可以做：

改变项目
打包成 WAR 部署到任意 Servlet 容器
或者部署到 Heroku(参见下文1.5.1)

提示：可以执行mvn clean package jetty:run项目将会部署到内嵌的 Jetty 容器运行，或者执行java -cp target/classes:target/dependency/* com.example.heroku.Main(那是Jetty 在 Heroku 的启动方式)

1.5.1. Deploy it on Heroku 部署在Heroku

首先是要注册Heroku的账户，这里不展开讲。可以参考Getting Started with Java on Heroku。当你的Heroku环境准备完毕后，接着看下面的步骤：

首先给你的项目创建一个 Git 仓库：

   $ git init
Initialized empty Git repository in /.../simple-heroku-webapp/.git/

接着创建 Heroku 的实例，并把远程引用添加到你的 Git 仓库：

$ heroku create
Creating simple-heroku-webapp... done, stack is cedar
http://simple-heroku-webapp.herokuapp.com/ | git@heroku.com:simple-heroku-webapp.git
Git remote heroku added

注意：heroku create 默认创建的实例名称是一串随机的字符串类似与 tranquil-basin-4744，而不一定是你项目名simple-heroku-webapp。(译者注：当然你可以根据用户自定义实例名称，具体的要参考Getting Started with Java on Heroku)

添加并提交到你的 Git 仓库：

$ git add src/ pom.xml Procfile system.properties
$ git commit -a -m "initial commit"
[master (root-commit) e2b58e3] initial commit
 7 files changed, 221 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 Procfile
 create mode 100644 pom.xml
 create mode 100644 src/main/java/com/example/MyResource.java
 create mode 100644 src/main/java/com/example/heroku/Main.java
 create mode 100644 src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/web.xml
 create mode 100644 src/test/java/com/example/MyResourceTest.java
 create mode 100644 system.properties

将修改推送到 Heroku:

$ git push heroku master
Counting objects: 21, done.
Delta compression using up to 8 threads.
Compressing objects: 100% (11/11), done.
Writing objects: 100% (21/21), 3.73 KiB | 0 bytes/s, done.
Total 21 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0)

-----> Java app detected
-----> Installing OpenJDK 1.7... done
-----> Installing Maven 3.0.3... done
-----> Installing settings.xml... done
-----> executing /app/tmp/cache/.maven/bin/mvn -B -Duser.home=/tmp/build_992cc747-26d6-4800-bdb1-add47b9583cd -Dmaven.repo.local=/app/tmp/cache/.m2/repository -s /app/tmp/cache/.m2/settings.xml -DskipTests=true clean install
       [INFO] Scanning for projects...
       [INFO]
       [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
       [INFO] Building simple-heroku-webapp 1.0-SNAPSHOT
       [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
       [INFO]
       [INFO] --- maven-clean-plugin:2.4.1:clean (default-clean) @ simple-heroku-webapp ---
       [INFO]
       [INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.4.3:resources (default-resources) @ simple-heroku-webapp ---
       [INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
       [INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory /tmp/build_992cc747-26d6-4800-bdb1-add47b9583cd/src/main/resources
       [INFO]
       [INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:2.5.1:compile (default-compile) @ simple-heroku-webapp ---
       [INFO] Compiling 2 source files to /tmp/build_992cc747-26d6-4800-bdb1-add47b9583cd/target/classes
       [INFO]
       [INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.4.3:testResources (default-testResources) @ simple-heroku-webapp ---
       [INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
       [INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory /tmp/build_992cc747-26d6-4800-bdb1-add47b9583cd/src/test/resources
       [INFO]
       [INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:2.5.1:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ simple-heroku-webapp ---
       [INFO] Compiling 1 source file to /tmp/build_992cc747-26d6-4800-bdb1-add47b9583cd/target/test-classes
       [INFO]
       [INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.7.2:test (default-test) @ simple-heroku-webapp ---
       [INFO] Tests are skipped.
       [INFO]
       [INFO] --- maven-war-plugin:2.1.1:war (default-war) @ simple-heroku-webapp ---
       [INFO] Packaging webapp
       [INFO] Assembling webapp [simple-heroku-webapp] in [/tmp/build_992cc747-26d6-4800-bdb1-add47b9583cd/target/simple-heroku-webapp]
       [INFO] Processing war project
       [INFO] Copying webapp resources [/tmp/build_992cc747-26d6-4800-bdb1-add47b9583cd/src/main/webapp]
       [INFO] Webapp assembled in [88 msecs]
       [INFO] Building war: /tmp/build_992cc747-26d6-4800-bdb1-add47b9583cd/target/simple-heroku-webapp.war
       [INFO] WEB-INF/web.xml already added, skipping
       [INFO]
       [INFO] --- maven-dependency-plugin:2.1:copy-dependencies (copy-dependencies) @ simple-heroku-webapp ---
       [INFO] Copying guava-14.0.1.jar to /tmp/build_992cc747-26d6-4800-bdb1-add47b9583cd/target/dependency/guava-14.0.1.jar
       [INFO] Copying javax.annotation-api-1.2.jar to /tmp/build_992cc747-26d6-4800-bdb1-add47b9583cd/target/dependency/javax.annotation-api-1.2.jar
       [INFO] Copying validation-api-1.1.0.Final.jar to /tmp/build_992cc747-26d6-4800-bdb1-add47b9583cd/target/dependency/validation-api-1.1.0.Final.jar
       [INFO] Copying javax.ws.rs-api-2.0.jar to /tmp/build_992cc747-26d6-4800-bdb1-add47b9583cd/target/dependency/javax.ws.rs-api-2.0.jar
       [INFO] Copying jetty-http-9.0.6.v20130930.jar to /tmp/build_992cc747-26d6-4800-bdb1-add47b9583cd/target/dependency/jetty-http-9.0.6.v20130930.jar
       [INFO] Copying jetty-io-9.0.6.v20130930.jar to /tmp/build_992cc747-26d6-4800-bdb1-add47b9583cd/target/dependency/jetty-io-9.0.6.v20130930.jar
       [INFO] Copying jetty-security-9.0.6.v20130930.jar to /tmp/build_992cc747-26d6-4800-bdb1-add47b9583cd/target/dependency/jetty-security-9.0.6.v20130930.jar
       [INFO] Copying jetty-server-9.0.6.v20130930.jar to /tmp/build_992cc747-26d6-4800-bdb1-add47b9583cd/target/dependency/jetty-server-9.0.6.v20130930.jar
       [INFO] Copying jetty-servlet-9.0.6.v20130930.jar to /tmp/build_992cc747-26d6-4800-bdb1-add47b9583cd/target/dependency/jetty-servlet-9.0.6.v20130930.jar
       [INFO] Copying jetty-util-9.0.6.v20130930.jar to /tmp/build_992cc747-26d6-4800-bdb1-add47b9583cd/target/dependency/jetty-util-9.0.6.v20130930.jar
       [INFO] Copying jetty-webapp-9.0.6.v20130930.jar to /tmp/build_992cc747-26d6-4800-bdb1-add47b9583cd/target/dependency/jetty-webapp-9.0.6.v20130930.jar
       [INFO] Copying jetty-xml-9.0.6.v20130930.jar to /tmp/build_992cc747-26d6-4800-bdb1-add47b9583cd/target/dependency/jetty-xml-9.0.6.v20130930.jar
       [INFO] Copying javax.servlet-3.0.0.v201112011016.jar to /tmp/build_992cc747-26d6-4800-bdb1-add47b9583cd/target/dependency/javax.servlet-3.0.0.v201112011016.jar
       [INFO] Copying hk2-api-2.2.0-b21.jar to /tmp/build_992cc747-26d6-4800-bdb1-add47b9583cd/target/dependency/hk2-api-2.2.0-b21.jar
       [INFO] Copying hk2-locator-2.2.0-b21.jar to /tmp/build_992cc747-26d6-4800-bdb1-add47b9583cd/target/dependency/hk2-locator-2.2.0-b21.jar
       [INFO] Copying hk2-utils-2.2.0-b21.jar to /tmp/build_992cc747-26d6-4800-bdb1-add47b9583cd/target/dependency/hk2-utils-2.2.0-b21.jar
       [INFO] Copying osgi-resource-locator-1.0.1.jar to /tmp/build_992cc747-26d6-4800-bdb1-add47b9583cd/target/dependency/osgi-resource-locator-1.0.1.jar
       [INFO] Copying asm-all-repackaged-2.2.0-b21.jar to /tmp/build_992cc747-26d6-4800-bdb1-add47b9583cd/target/dependency/asm-all-repackaged-2.2.0-b21.jar
       [INFO] Copying cglib-2.2.0-b21.jar to /tmp/build_992cc747-26d6-4800-bdb1-add47b9583cd/target/dependency/cglib-2.2.0-b21.jar
       [INFO] Copying javax.inject-2.2.0-b21.jar to /tmp/build_992cc747-26d6-4800-bdb1-add47b9583cd/target/dependency/javax.inject-2.2.0-b21.jar
       [INFO] Copying jersey-container-servlet-2.5.jar to /tmp/build_992cc747-26d6-4800-bdb1-add47b9583cd/target/dependency/jersey-container-servlet-2.5.jar
       [INFO] Copying jersey-container-servlet-core-2.5.jar to /tmp/build_992cc747-26d6-4800-bdb1-add47b9583cd/target/dependency/jersey-container-servlet-core-2.5.jar
       [INFO] Copying jersey-client-2.5.jar to /tmp/build_992cc747-26d6-4800-bdb1-add47b9583cd/target/dependency/jersey-client-2.5.jar
       [INFO] Copying jersey-common-2.5.jar to /tmp/build_992cc747-26d6-4800-bdb1-add47b9583cd/target/dependency/jersey-common-2.5.jar
       [INFO] Copying jersey-server-2.5.jar to /tmp/build_992cc747-26d6-4800-bdb1-add47b9583cd/target/dependency/jersey-server-2.5.jar
       [INFO]
       [INFO] --- maven-install-plugin:2.3.1:install (default-install) @ simple-heroku-webapp ---
       [INFO] Installing /tmp/build_992cc747-26d6-4800-bdb1-add47b9583cd/target/simple-heroku-webapp.war to /app/tmp/cache/.m2/repository/com/example/simple-heroku-webapp/1.0-SNAPSHOT/simple-heroku-webapp-1.0-SNAPSHOT.war
       [INFO] Installing /tmp/build_992cc747-26d6-4800-bdb1-add47b9583cd/pom.xml to /app/tmp/cache/.m2/repository/com/example/simple-heroku-webapp/1.0-SNAPSHOT/simple-heroku-webapp-1.0-SNAPSHOT.pom
       [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
       [INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
       [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
       [INFO] Total time: 45.861s
       [INFO] Finished at: Mon Dec 09 19:51:34 UTC 2013
       [INFO] Final Memory: 17M/514M
       [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----> Discovering process types
       Procfile declares types -> web

-----> Compiled slug size: 75.9MB
-----> Launching... done, v6
       http://simple-heroku-webapp.herokuapp.com deployed to Heroku

To git@heroku.com:simple-heroku-webapp.git
 * [new branch]      master -> master

现在你可以访问你的应用了。本例子是http://simple-heroku-webapp.herokuapp.com/myresource